• GATE Introduction:

  Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE) is a national examination conducted jointly by the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore and the seven Indian Institutes of Technology (at Bombay, Delhi, Guwahati, Kanpur, Kharagpur, Madras and Roorkee) on behalf of the National Coordination Board (NCB)-GATE, Department of Higher Education, Ministry of Education (MoE), Government of India.

  Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE) is a national examination conducted to test the comprehensive understanding of the candidates in various undergraduate subjects in Engineering / Technology / Architecture and both undergraduate and post-graduate level subjects in Arts, Commerce and Science.

• About GATE :

  Qualifying in GATE is a mandatory requirement for seeking admission and/or financial assistance to: (i) Master’s programs and direct Doctoral programs in Engineering/Technology/Architecture and (ii) Doctoral programs in relevant branches of Arts and Science, in the institutions supported by the MoE and other Government agencies. Even in some colleges and institutions, which admit students without MoE scholarship/assistantship, the GATE qualification is mandatory.

  Further, many Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs) have been using the GATE score in their recruitment process.In the past, several Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs) have used GATE score to shortlist the candidates for employment.

• Anyone who has successfully completed 10+2+2 or 10+3+1 and currently studying in 3rd or higher years of any undergraduate degree program OR has already graduated in any government approved degree program in Engineering / Technology / Architecture / Science / Commerce / Arts is eligible to apply for GATE.

• Table Eligibility Criteria for GATE 2023

  Degree/Program	Qualifying Degree/Examination	Eligible Candidates	Year
  B.E. / B.Tech. / B.Pharm.	Bachelor’s degree in Engineering / Technology (4 years after 10+2 or 3 years after B.Sc. / Diploma in Engineering / Technology)	Currently in the 3rd year or higher or already completed	2024
  B. Arch.	Bachelor’s degree of Architecture (5- year course) / Naval Architecture (4- year course) / Planning (4- year course)	Currently in the 3rd year or higher or already completed	2025
  B.Sc. (Research) / B.S.	Bachelor’s degree in Science (Post Diploma/4 years after 10+2)	Currently in the 3rd year or higher or already completed	2024
  Pharm. D. (after 10+2)	6 years degree program, consisting of internship or residency training, during third year onwards	Currently in the 3 rd/4th/5th/6th year or already completed	2026
  M.B.B.S. / B.D.S. / B.V.Sc.	Degree holders of M.B.B.S. / B.D.S. / B.V.Sc. and those who are in the 5 th/6th/7thsemester or higher semester of such program.	5 th/6 th/7 thor higher semester or already completed	2024
  M. Sc. / M.A. / MCA or equivalent	Master’s degree in any branch of Arts / Science / Mathematics / Statistics / Computer Applications or equivalent	Currently in the first year or higher or already Completed	2024
  Int. M.E. / M.Tech. (Post-B.Sc.)	Post-B.Sc Integrated Master’s degree programs in Engineering/ Technology (4-year program)	Currently in the 1st / 2 nd/3rd/4th year or already completed	Any Year
  Int. M.E./ M.Tech./M.Pharm. or Dual Degree (after Diploma or 10+2)	Integrated Master’s degree program or Dual Degree program in Engineering/Technology (5-year program)	Currently in the 3rd /4th/5th year or alreadycompleted	2025

• Civil Engineering:

• Section 1: Engineering Mathematics:

  Linear Algebra: Matrix algebra; Systems of linear equations; Eigen values and Eigen vectors.

  Calculus: Functions of single variable; Limit, continuity and differentiability; Mean value theorems, local maxima and minima; Taylor series; Evaluation of definite and indefinite integrals, application of definite integral to obtain area and volume; Partial derivatives; Total derivative; Gradient, Divergence and Curl, Vector identities; Directional derivatives; Line, Surface and Volume integrals.

  Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE): First order (linear and non-linear) equations; higher order linear equations with constant coefficients; Euler-Cauchy equations; initial and boundary value problems.

  Partial Differential Equation (PDE): Fourier series; separation of variables; solutions of one dimensional diffusion equation; first and second order one-dimensional wave equation and two dimensional Laplace equation.

  Probability and Statistics: Sampling theorems; Conditional probability; Descriptive statistics – Mean, median, mode and standard deviation; Random Variables – Discrete and Continuous, Poisson and Normal Distribution; Linear regression.

  Numerical Methods: Error analysis. Numerical solutions of linear and non-linear algebraic equations; Newton’s and Lagrange polynomials; numerical differentiation; Integration by trapezoidal and Simpson’s rule; Single and multi-step methods for first order differential equations.

• Section 2: Structural Engineering:

  Engineering Mechanics: System of forces, free-body diagrams, equilibrium equations; Internal forces in structures; Frictions and its applications; Centre of mass; Free Vibrations of un-damped SDOF system.

  Solid Mechanics: : Bending moment and shear force in statically determinate beams; Simple stress and strain relationships; Simple bending theory, flexural and shear stresses, shear centre; Uniform torsion, Transformation of stress; buckling of column, combined and direct bending stresses.

  Structural Analysis: Statically determinate and indeterminate structures by force/ energy methods; Method of superposition; Analysis of trusses, arches, beams, cables and frames; Displacement methods: Slope deflection and moment distribution methods; Influence lines; Stiffness and flexibility methods of structural analysis.

  Construction Materials and Management: Construction Materials: Structural Steel – Composition, material properties and behaviour; Concrete - Constituents, mix design, short term and long-term properties. Construction Management: Types of construction projects; Project planning and network analysis - PERT and CPM; Cost estimation.

  Concrete Structures: Working stress and Limit state design concepts; Design of beams, slabs, columns; Bond and development length; Pre-stressed concrete beams.

  Steel Structures: Working stress and Limit state design concepts; Design of tension and compression members, beams and beam- columns, column bases; Connections - simple and eccentric, beam-column connections, plate girders and trusses; Concept of plastic analysis - beams and frames.

• Section 3: Geotechnical Engineering:

  Soil Mechanics: Three-phase system and phase relationships, index properties; Unified and Indian standard soil classification system; Permeability - one dimensional flow, Seepage through soils – two - dimensional flow, flow nets, uplift pressure, piping, capillarity, seepage force; Principle of effective stress and quicksand condition; Compaction of soils; One dimensional consolidation, time rate of consolidation; Shear Strength, Mohr’s circle, effective and total shear strength parameters, Stress-Strain characteristics of clays and sand; Stress paths.

  Foundation Engineering: :Sub-surface investigations - Drilling bore holes, sampling, plate load test, standard penetration and cone penetration tests; Earth pressure theories - Rankine and Coulomb; Stability of slopes – Finite and infinite slopes, Bishop’s method; Stress distribution in soils – Boussinesq’s theory; Pressure bulbs, Shallow foundations – Terzaghi’s and Meyerhoff’s bearing capacity theories, effect of water table; Combined footing and raft foundation; Contact pressure; Settlement analysis in sands and clays; Deep foundations – dynamic and static formulae, Axial load capacity of piles in sands and clays, pile load test, pile under lateral loading, pile group efficiency, negative skin friction.

• Section 4: Water Resources Engineering:

  Fluid Mechanics: Properties of fluids, fluid statics; Continuity, momentum and energy equations and their applications; Potential flow, Laminar and turbulent flow; Flow in pipes, pipe networks; Concept of boundary layer and its growth; Concept of lift and drag.

  Hydraulics: Forces on immersed bodies; Flow measurement in channels and pipes; Dimensional analysis and hydraulic similitude; Channel Hydraulics - Energy-depth relationships, specific energy, critical flow, hydraulic jump, uniform flow, gradually varied flow and water surface profiles.

  Hydrology: Hydrologic cycle, precipitation, evaporation, evapo-transpiration, watershed, infiltration, unit hydrographs, hydrograph analysis, reservoir capacity, flood estimation and routing, surface run-off models, ground water hydrology - steady state well hydraulics and aquifers; Application of Darcy’s Law.

  Irrigation: Types of irrigation systems and methods; Crop water requirements - Duty, delta, evapo-transpiration; Gravity Dams and Spillways; Lined and unlined canals, Design of weirs on permeable foundation; cross drainage structures.

• Section 5: Environmental Engineering:

  Water and Waste Water Quality and Treatment: Basics of water quality standards – Physical, chemical and biological parameters; Water quality index; Unit processes and operations; Water requirement; Water distribution system; Drinking water treatment. Sewerage system design, quantity of domestic wastewater, primary and secondary treatment. Effluent discharge standards; Sludge disposal; Reuse of treated sewage for different applications..

  Air Pollution: Types of pollutants, their sources and impacts, air pollution control, air quality standards, Air quality Index and limits.

  Municipal Solid Wastes: Characteristics, generation, collection and transportation of solid wastes, engineered systems for solid waste management (reuse/ recycle, energy recovery, treatment and disposal).

• Section 6. Transportation Engineering:

  Transportation Infrastructure: Geometric design of highways - cross-sectional elements, sight distances, horizontal and vertical alignments. Geometric design of railway Track – Speed and Cant. Concept of airport runway length, calculations and corrections; taxiway and exit taxiway design.

  Highway Pavements: Highway materials - desirable properties and tests; Desirable properties of bituminous paving mixes; Design factors for flexible and rigid pavements; Design of flexible and rigid pavement using IRC codes.

  Traffic Engineering: Traffic studies on flow and speed, peak hour factor, accident study, statistical analysis of traffic data; Microscopic and macroscopic parameters of traffic flow, fundamental relationships; Traffic signs; Signal design by Webster’s method; Types of intersections; Highway capacity. .

• Section 7. Geomatics Engineering :

  Principles of surveying; Errors and their adjustment; Maps - scale, coordinate system; Distance and angle measurement - Levelling and trigonometric levelling; Traversing and triangulation survey; Total station; Horizontal and vertical curves. Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing - Scale, flying height; Basics of remote sensing and GIS.

• Particulars	Details
  Examination Mode	Computer Based Test (CBT)
  Duration	3 hours*
  Number of Subjects (Papers)	29
  Sections	General Aptitude (GA) + Candidate’s Selected Subject
  Types of Questions	(a) Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ) (b) Multiple Select Questions (MSQ) (c) Numerical Answer Type (NAT)
  Questions for testing these abilities	(a) Recall (b) Comprehension (c) Application (d) Analysis and Synthesis
  Number of Questions	10 (GA) + 55 (Subject) = 65 Questions
  Distribution of Marks in all Papers EXCEPT papers AR, CY, EY, GG, MA, PH, ST, XH and XL	General Aptitude: 15 Marks + Engineering Mathematics*: 13 Marks + Subject Questions: 72 Marks = Total: 100 Marks (*XE includes Engineering Mathematics section XE-A of 15 Marks)
  Distribution of Marks in papers AR, CY, EY, GG, MA, PH, ST, XH and XL	General Aptitude: 15 Marks + Subject Questions: 85 Marks = Total: 100 Marks
  Marking Scheme	Questions carry 1 mark and 2 marks
  Negative Marking	For a wrong answer chosen in a MCQ, there will be negative marking. For 1-mark MCQ, 1/3 mark will be deducted for a wrong answer. Likewise, for 2-mark MCQ, 2/3 mark will be deducted for a wrong answer. There is no negative marking for wrong answer(s) to MSQ and NAT question.

• Opportunities GATE Exam:

  Here are some opportunities after GATE exam that candidates can pursue. These can differ from candidate to candidate choice in which field they want to make their career. GATE is the gateway to many opportunities, shared in brief and explanatory ways in the article below.

  Private Jobs after GATE:

  Many private companies, which are multinational companies, GATE-qualified M.Tech., passed out candidates for their professional research posts.

  Research Opportunities:

  Candidates can become a scientist, and the GATE exam is the entrance to the job. Candidates can earn degrees from IITs and NITs only by GATE score and apply to various scientific departments of different research centers in India.

  Scholarships Programs:

  The benefits of the GATE exam are not just good job opportunities. With a valid GATE score, a candidate can also get scholarships for higher studies. A monthly stipend of 12,400 rupees is provided to GATE-qualified candidates when they pursue the M.Tech / M.Pharm / M.Arch. Degrees.

  Foreign Universities:

  GATE is a chance to fulfil the aspiration of pursuing higher studies from foreign universities. GATE Scorecard can aid you in applying to foreign universities for higher studies.

• Postgraduate Entrance (M.Tech):

  After graduation, and M.Tech is the most popular option for engineering students. It will provide expertise in your area so you can get a good job anywhere. In addition, most companies search for postgraduates who are better at problem-solving skills. Although you will get many more opportunities after graduation, a master’s degree will gradually increase your job opportunities and give you a job in reputed MNCs. GATE scorecard is valid for M.Tech admission for 3 years. Different benefits of the M.Tech program are: Some of the top companies hire from institutes like IIT and NIT. They look for students with experience, and experience can come after you finish your M.Tech. Higher pay packages Faculty/Research positions in educational institutes and most of the RD centers.

• Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs):

  The GATE exam became hype after various public-sector units (PSUs) signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with IITs for recruitment through GATE. So, clearing the GATE examination can help you get government sector jobs. Various PSUs use the GATE Scorecard for hiring candidates. PSUs like ONGC, GAIL, IOCL, PGCIL, NLC, NTPC, and NLC hire through GATE Scores followed by Group discussions, Personal Interviews, and Group tasks. Even DRDO sometimes recruits through GATE Scores. Else it will conduct its written test. Some PSUs like SAIL, ISRO, VIZAG, BEL, BSNL Some of the leading PSUs in India use GATE scores as their eligibility criteria.

• PhD Entrance Exam:

  A Master’s degree leads to specialization, cultivates, and brings out the best of your interest in a certain area which may further interest you in research/Ph.D. Moreover, based on the GATE score, some foreign universities (Like NTU and Singapore) offer PhD positions without a GRE score. The recruitment process for the PhD program includes a valid GATE score and then facing an interview panel based on the respective interest area.

• Fellowship Program in Management (FPM):

  It is a five-year program run at IIMs. This program has the following features: A monthly stipend is offered of ₹ 29,000-30,000. No tuition fees for almost four years and nine months. Students who live off-campus will get a house-rent allowance (HRA) of ₹ 8,000 for a single student and ₹ 13,000 for married students.

• Research Opportunities:

  GATE-qualified students are also eligible for the award of Junior Research Fellowship in CSIR Laboratories and CSIR-sponsored projects. The most searched opportunity after GATE exam is research. Some particular research positions are available through GATE at Bhabha Atomic Research Center (BARC). However, BARC conducts its examination for recruitment. Also, industries like ISRO conduct their exams similarly to GATE.

• GATE-2022 CUT OFF MARKS :

• Branch	General	OBC	SC/ST/PWD	Rank	Marks	Score
  CE	30.4	27.3	20.2	1	97.36	1000
  ME	28.1	25.2	18.7	1	90.05	1000
  EE	30.7	27.6	20.4	1	92.67	1000
  EC	25.0	22.5	16.6	1	78.00	1000
  CS	25.0	22.5	16.6	1	81.00	1000
  IN	42.2	38.1	28.2	1	88.33	940
  PI	43.7	39.3	29.1	1	95.00	986
  CH	25.3	22.7	16.8	1	64.00	-----

• GATE-2021 CUT OFF MARKS :

• Branch	General	OBC	SC/ST/PWD	Rank	Marks	Score
  CE	29.2	26.2	19.4	1	95.56	1000
  ME	33.0	29.7	22.0	1	93.22	979
  EE	30.7	27.6	20.4	1	92.67	1000
  EC	25.0	22.5	16.6	1	78.00	1000
  CS	25.0	22.5	16.6	1	81.00	1000
  IN	42.2	38.1	28.2	1	88.33	940
  PI	43.7	39.3	29.1	1	95.00	986
  CH	25.3	22.7	16.8	1	64.00	-----

• GATE-2021 CUT OFF MARKS :

• Branch	General	OBC	SC/ST/PWD	Rank	Marks	Score
  CE	29.2	26.2	19.4	1	95.56	1000
  ME	33.0	29.7	22.0	1	93.22	979
  EE	30.7	27.6	20.4	1	92.67	1000
  EC	25.0	22.5	16.6	1	78.00	1000
  CS	25.0	22.5	16.6	1	81.00	1000
  IN	42.2	38.1	28.2	1	88.33	940
  PI	43.7	39.3	29.1	1	95.00	986
  CH	25.3	22.7	16.8	1	64.00	-----

Testing